Mizoram, a state in Northeast India, is facing a significant influx of refugees as violence continues to ravage neighboring Manipur. The border between Mizoram and riot-hit Manipur stretches over 95 kilometers, making Mizoram a natural destination for those fleeing the violence, persecution, and instability.
The ethnic violence in Manipur has resulted in the death of at least 80 people, with another 40,000 individuals being displaced. Mizoram has already provided shelter to around 8,000 refugees, primarily from the Kuki ethnic group in Manipur, in addition to refugees from Myanmar and Bangladesh.
This influx has put pressure on Mizoram’s resources and security, as the state strives to ensure the well-being of the newcomers while addressing India’s security concerns.
Despite the strict orders from the Union home ministry against hosting any refugees, the Mizoram government has chosen to support and provide aid to the refugees, including those who fled from Myanmar following the military coup in February 2021 and Bangladesh nationals affected by clashes between the Bangladesh Army and the Kuki-Chin National Army.
The state government, along with NGOs such as the Central Young Mizo Association (CYMA), has spent significant funds on supporting the refugees, with CYMA alone spending over ₹57 lakh on Myanmar refugees and ₹31 lakh on Bangladeshi refugees. However, the primary concern lies not in the financial aspect but in ensuring security.
India has not officially recognized the status of Myanmar or Bangladesh refugees and has urged the Mizoram government to prevent illegal immigration and deport those without valid documents.
Assam Rifles, responsible for guarding the Indo-Myanmar border, plans to enhance security measures to prevent further influx of illegal migrants, drugs, and contraband items.
While there are conflicting claims regarding the increase of drug smuggling and crimes with the influx of refugees, Assam Rifles emphasizes the need to tighten security along the border to safeguard against illegal migration, which can disrupt the state’s law and order situation and contribute to the rise of drug and arms smuggling.
Mizoram’s concern for refugees has intensified with the ongoing conflict in Manipur. The clashes in Manipur have mainly occurred between the Meitei community, which constitutes the majority in the state, and the Kukis, who make up 16% of the population and primarily reside in the hill districts. This has led to a significant loss of lives and displacement of thousands of individuals.
To address the situation, Mizoram’s lone Rajya Sabha MP, K. Vanlalvena, appealed to Union Home Minister Amit Shah for immediate intervention to restore peace in Manipur and prevent the conversion of tribal land into forest reserves.
The NGO Co-ordination Committee of Mizoram has also met with the Union Home Minister to seek central government intervention for peace restoration and the protection of Manipur’s tribal communities.
Amidst internal opposition to Mizoram’s refugee-friendly policy, with concerns raised regarding the lack of refugee movement monitoring, experts emphasize that Mizoram’s refugee crisis highlights the complex realities of Northeast India’s borderlands.
These regions witness ethnic ties that transcend national boundaries, and conflicts persist despite peace agreements. This crisis emphasizes the need for compassion and solidarity among people who share a common history and destiny.
In conclusion, Mizoram finds itself grappling with an increasing number of refugees amidst the ongoing conflict in Manipur.
The state strives to address the needs of the displaced while balancing its own interests and India’s security concerns, highlighting the complexity of the situation in Northeast India’s borderlands.
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